AILET 2010 Question Paper

ALL INDIA LAW ENTRANCE TEST (AILET) 2010 Question Paper

Time: 1 hour 30 minutes Total Marks: 150

AILET 2010 Question Paper
Section 1 – English and Reading Comprehension

SECTION A : ENGLISH

Read the passage and answer the questions following it:

Artists should treat their art as art and take the process of making it as seriously as anyone takes their chosen profession. Great skill and insight are required in order to create truly original art. Transforming an idea or concept into a technically thought-provoking or emotion-arousing work of art in any medium is a talent that few people possess. And there you have the “purist’s vision.”
Now if an artist wants to create art and never sell it, then he or she never has to worry about how to price it. That artist can afford to be a “purist,” as you put it, produce art free of any encumbrances or concerns about what the art world or any one else might think, and avoid “prostituting” or “debasing” that art by placing dollar values on it. But if you’re an artist who wants to sell your art or who has to sell it in order to survive as an artist, you must use whatever tools are available to figure out how much it’s worth and how best to sell it.
Let’s say you’re just starting out as an artist, you have little or no experience showing or selling your work, and in a period of two minutes, you produce a pencil drawing on a piece of paper. You view this drawing as highly significant in your evolution as an artist and rank its creation as the single most important creative moment of your life. Consequently, you put a price of $20,000 on it because only for that amount of money will you agree to part with such an important work of art. This is a “purist’s vision” approach to pricing as opposed to a “realities of the marketplace” approach.
From a business standpoint, you’ll have an extremely difficult time selling your drawing, as you won’t be able to justify the $20,000 price to real art buyers in the real art world. You have no track record of selling art in that price range, and you have few or no shows, critical reviews, or supporting data from outside sources indicating that your art has that kind of value or collectability in the marketplace. The overwhelming majority of art buyers who have $20,000 to spend look for works of art by established artists with documented track records of showing and selling art in that price range.
Your drawing is still highly significant to you, but what someone is willing to pay for it on the open market is a matter for art buyers to decide. You can price it however you wish, but you can never force anyone to buy it. That’s the way the art business works. So if you want to sell it, you have to figure out what dollar amount someone is likely to pay for it on the open market and then price it at that amount. But the tale of your drawing does not end here.
The art world may, one agree with you that the product of your two-minute moment precipitates a major transformational turning point in your career, and is well worth a $20,000 asking price, but you’re going to have to prove first. Aspects of that drawing will have to be reflected in your art from the moment you created it onwards, the art world will have to recognize your art both critically and from the marketing standpoints, and you’ll have to successfully produce, show, and sell for many years. Then one day, when your first retrospective exhibition opens at the Four-Star Museum of Art, that drawing will hang framed and captioned as the first inspiration for all subsequent work. The art world will then understand and respect its significance, and a serious collector may well be willing to pay an extraordinary price to own this historically important document of your career.
Returning for a moment to the concept of a purist artist who creates art and never sells it,
sooner or later (hopefully later), that purist will pass on and leave behind a body of work. Unless that artist leaves specific instructions in his or her Will for that body of work to be destroyed, it will become subject to those market forces that the artist strived for a life-time to avoid. At the very least, it’ll have to be appraised for tax, donation, or inheritance purposes. In most cases, it eventually comes onto the market either through a probable sale, an auction, or as represented by a dealer, gallery, or family member.
The moral of the story is that one way or another, someone somewhere at some point in time will use tried and true methods to realistically price and either sell, donate, trade or otherwise transact any work of art that comes onto the market in any way, shape, or form. I hope that that person will be you, the artist, and that you’ll price your art according to what the market will bear, sell plenty of it, and have a long and rewarding career.

Answer the following questions indicating your option for each question:

1. The purist’s art is
(a) one that arouses emotions
(b) thought-provoking
(c) technically sound
(d) free from any encumbrances or concerns about what the world or anyone else might think of it

2. The “realities of the marketplace” approach entails
(a) “prostituting” one’s art by putting a dollar price on it
(b) gauging the market value of one’s art and then putting a price on it
(c) compromising on one’s estimation of one’s own art as far as its worth in financial terms is concerned
(d) subjecting one’s art to the buyer’s interpretation of it

(a) Only (a)
(b) Only (b) and (d)
(c) (b), (c) and (d)
(d) only (b)

3. For an artist to sell his piece of art at a higher price range, he/she has to
(a) get endorsed by fellow artists and art critics
(b) hold exhibitions or shows
(c) gradually increase the collectability of his/her art in the market place
(d) all of the above

4. The first piece of an artist that comes out in the market is seen as
(a) his masterpiece
(b) the most collectible piece in his/her repertoire
(c) a blueprint to discern the author’s unique style and point of view
(d) the inspiration for all his subsequent work

5. From the point of view of the purist, the irony as far as pricing art is concerned is that
(A) a piece from his collection is eventually sold at the same price that he had estimated it to be its real worth years earlier
(B) his art is subjected to the same market forces against which he strove his entire life
(C) “realities of the marketplace” is a concept that negates the very attributes that we associate with art- whim, fancy and imagination
(a) only (A)
(b) (A) and (B)
(c) only (B)
(d) (A), (B) and (C).

Directions (Questions 6 and 7): Each question consists of two capitalized words that have a certain relationship to each other, followed by 4 pair of words. Choose the pair that is related to each other in the same way as the capitalized pair.

6. ENCUMBRANCE : BURDEN
(a) Mnemonic : Memory
(b) Blatant : Subtle
(c) Captious : Acrimonious
(d) Feral : Cultured

7. SUBSEQUENT : PREVIOUS
(a) Significant : Inconsequential
(b) Retrospect : Retrospective
(c) Visionary : Seer
(d) Caption : Legend

8. The synonym of the word PRECIPITATE in the context of the passage is
(a) launch
(b) trigger
(c) provoke
(d) accelerate

Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks with the correct tenses from the given choices by indicating your option for each question:

9. I wish you ………….. louder as I can’t hear what you say.
(a) were speaking
(b) spoke
(c) would speak
(d) speak

10. The audience ________ to take their seats please.
(a) is requested
(b) have requested
(c) may request
(d) are requested

11. It ______ all day yesterday before the garden wall collapsed.
(a) rained
(b) has been raining
(c) had rained
(d) was raining

12. Each member of this grout ______ guilty.
(a) is
(b) are
(c) is being
(d) were

13. The Prime Minister _____ to visit the hospital tomorrow.
(a) will
(b) is
(c) must
(d) have

14. Last night the radio said that the volcano, Etna, in Sicily ………….
(a) will erupt
(b) is erupting
(c) erupts
(d) has to erupt

15. They say that the Princess _______ incognito at the Sheraton.
(a) have stayed
(b) is staying
(c) stay
(d) will have been staying

16. She ………….. in Calcutta for a quarter of a century now.
(a) will live
(b) lived
(c) has been living
(d) had been living

17. When we went to their home, Sushma …………. some fresh coffee for us.
(a) made
(b) has made
(c) will make
(d) is making

18. Evidence shows that Jackson _______ inside the house at the time of the murder.
(a) was
(b) is
(c) will be
(d) has been

Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence from the given alternatives. Indicate your option.

19. To answer accurately is more important than
(a) quick finish
(b) finish quickly
(c) finishing quickly
(d) you finish quickly

20. Professional people now-a-days appreciate _________ when it is necessary to cancel an appointment.
(a) Your calling them
(b) That you would call them
(c) You to call them
(d) You are calling them

21. Who will _____ the children when their mother is in the hospital?
(a) look after
(b) look for
(c) look up
(d) look about

22. The teacher gives many examples to ________ the idea contained in the poem.
(a) bring about
(b) bring in
(c) bring forth
(d) bring out

23. That magnificent _________ temple was constructed by the Chinese.
(a) eight-centuries-old
(b) eight-century’s-old
(c) old-eight-centuries
(d) eight-century-old

24. Wheat is not native to India and Barley ______.
(a) isn’t either
(b) is either
(c) is neither
(d) isn’t neither

25. Encounters between people from different countries can result in misunderstanding _______ different concepts about space.
(a) because they
(b) is because they
(c) is because their
(d) because of their

Choose the correct answer which is closest in meaning to the word/ phrase in Italics given in the sentence. Indicate your option.

26. You may think at first that it is queer to talk of having too much paper money and that money is so nice and useful that you cannot have too much of it.
(a) Ridiculous
(b) Absurd
(c) Anomalous
(d) Odd

27. The government is under no obligation to offer contracts to companies which choose to flout guidelines.
(a) Condemn
(b) Ignore
(c) Defy
(d) Neglect

28. Indians exhibited a remarkable solidarity at the time of war.
(a) Coalition
(b) Co-operation
(c) Unification
(d) Unity

29. His impeccable style caught the attention of all critics.
(a) Faultless
(b) Inoffensive
(c) Upright
(d) Harmless

30. The inspector was a vigilant young man.
(a) Intelligent
(b) Ambitious
(c) Watchful
(d) Smart

31. The young is quite sanguine about the result of his competitive examination.
(a) Depressed
(b) Pessimistic
(c) Anxious
(d) Optimistic

32. It was a scurrilous attack on him.
(a) Serious
(b) Unjustified
(c) Insulting
(d) Justified

33. Both parties were amenable to a peaceful settlement of the land dispute.
(a) Unresponsive
(b) Responsive
(c) Unwilling
(d) Doubtful

In the following questions, four alternatives are given for the idiom/ phrase marked in Italics in the sentence. Choose the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/ phrase from the options given. Indicate your option

34. The neighbour had to pay through his nose for a brand new car.
(a) Take huge loans
(b) Pay a reasonable price
(c) Pay an extremely high price
(d) Make a quick buck

35. If he phones again, I am going to give him a piece of my mind.
(a) To be nice to him
(b) To take advantage of him
(c) To reprimand
(d) To support him

SECTION B : GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

36. The 2013 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to
(a) A1 Gore
(b) Jane Adams
(c) Mohammed Yunus
(d) OPCW

37. The present Prime Minister of Bangladesh is
(a) Sheikh Hasina
(b) Khaleda Zia
(c) Ziaur Rahman
(d) None

38. The President of South Africa at present is
(a) Nelson Mandela
(b) Jacob Zuma
(c) Thabo Mbeki
(d) Kgalema Motlanthe

39. The former President who committed suicide in May 2009 was
(a) Kim Jong II of North Korea
(b) Maumoon Abdul Gayoom of Maldives
(c) Meghavati Sukarnoputri of Indonesia
(d) Roh Moo-Hyun of South Korea

40. Who among the following has not won an Oscar?
(a) A.R. Rahman
(b) Satyajit Ray
(c) Bhanu Athaiya
(d) Dev Patel

41. The present Chief Election Commissioner of India is
(a) T.N. Seshan
(b) S.Y. Quraishi
(c) N.S. Gopalaswami
(d) V.S. Sampath

42. 76 CRPF jawans were killed recently by the Maoists in an ambush near
(a) Dantewada in Chattisgarh
(b) Konarkhurd in Bihar
(c) Gadhchiroli in Maharashtra
(d) Karimnagar in Andhra Pradesh

43. The National Dairy Research Institute in Haryana cloned a buffalo calf and named it as
(a) Gowri
(b) Tusria
(c) Garima
(d) Shakthi

44. The former Chief Justice of India who did not become the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission is
(a) Justice S. Rajendra Babu
(b) Justice M. N. Venkatachalaiah
(c) Justice Lahoti
(d) Justice Verma

45. The first sitting Head of the State to be charged with ‘War crimes and crimes against humanity’ by the International Criminal Court is
(a) President Manuel Zelaya of Honduras
(b) President Omar al-Bashir of Sudan
(c) President Siad Barre of Somalia
(d) President Martin Torrijos of Panama

46. The former Chief Election Commissioner to be appointed as a Union Minister was
(a) Sukumar Sen
(b) T. Swaminathan
(c) R.K. Trivedi
(d) MS. Gill

47. India’s Imperial Capital was officially shifted from Calcutta to Delhi in
(a) 1912
(b) 1935
(c) 1947
(d) 1872

48. The first Women’s University was established in Pune during
(a) 1909
(b) 1928
(c) 1915
(d) 1968

49. How many official languages are mentioned in Schedule VIII to the Constitution of India?
(a) 18
(b) 22
(c) 14
(d) 28

50. The present Committee on Centre-State Relations in India is headed by
(a) Justice Punnchi
(b) Justice Ahmedi
(c) Justice Anand
(d) Justice Ruma Pal

51. In India, women were allowed to contest election and to public offices for the first time in
(a) 1909
(b) 1919
(c) 1935
(d) 1926

52. The recently constituted Telangana Committee by the Central Government is headed by
(a) Justice P.V. Reddy
(b) Justice Sri Krishna
(c) Justice Venkatachala
(d) Justice Banerjee

53. The Committee on Reforming Criminal Justice System in India was headed by
(a) Justice K.T. Thomas
(b) Justice Krishna Iyer
(c) Justice V.S. Malimath
(d) Justice Mohan

54. The first President of the Constituent Assembly of India established in 1946 was
(a) Rajendra Prasad
(b) Sachidananda Sinha
(c) Rajagopalachari
(d) B.R. Ambedkar

55. The Constitution of India was adopted on
(a) 26 November, 1949
(b) 26 January, 1950
(c) 26 November, 1947
(d) 26 January, 1949

56. The film that won 14 Oscar nominations was
(a) Gandhi
(b) Slumdog Millionaire
(c) Benhur
(d) All About Eve

57. The first Indian to get a medal at the World Boxing Championship was
(a) Jayadev Bisht
(b) Suvanjoy Singh
(c) Vijender Singh
(d) Rajkumar Sangwan

58. At the London 2012 Olympics, the highest number of medals were won by
(a) China
(b) USA
(c) Russia
(d) Germany

59. If the Anglo-Indian Community is not adequately represented in the election, the President can nominate to Lok Sabha from that community
(a) Not more than 5
(b) Not more than 2
(c) Not more than 1
(d) None

60. The right to Vote in India is a
(a) Constitutional right
(b) Legal right
(c) Fundamental right
(d) None

61. The maximum fine that the Central or State Information Commission can impose on a Public Information Officer for not furnishing the information within the stipulated time is
(a) Rs. 10,000
(b) Rs. 15,000
(c) Rs. 25,000
(d) Rs. 30,000

62. Maximum number of gold medals won by an individual at Olympics in any event is
(a) 3
(b) 5
(c) 7
(d) 8

63. The person who promoted the establishment of the International Committee of the Red Cross was
(a) Charles Dickens
(b) Henri Dunant
(c) Henry Ford
(d) Robert Frost

64. The first African to become the Secretary- General of United Nations was
(a) Kofi Annan
(b) Dag Hammarskjold
(c) Boutros Boutros Ghali
(d) U Thant

65. The present UN Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon is from
(a) South Korea
(b) North Korea
(c) China
(d) Mongolia

66. Who said that Swaraj is my birth right?
(a) M.K. Gandhi
(b) Balgangadhar Tilak
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Mohammed Ali Jinnah

67. Which of the following States got separated from India in 1937?
(a) Pakistan
(b) Sikkim
(c) Sri Lanka
(d) Burma

68. The first woman Prime Minister was
(a) Indira Gandhi
(b) Srimavo Bandaranaike
(c) Golda Meir
(d) Elizabeth Domitien

69. The largest country in terms of territory is
(a) Russia
(b) Canada
(c) USA
(d) China

70. The phrase ‘cloud computing’ means
(a) Delivery of hosted services over the internet
(b) Study of clouds to predict rains and thunderstorms
(c) Study of conditions of clouds for ‘cloud seeding’
(d) Use of different software for financial accounting

SECTION C : LEGAL APTITUDE

71. PRINCIPLE: An assault is an attempt to do a corporeal hurt to another, coupled with an apparent present ability and intention to do that act. A battery is the intentional and direct application of any physical force to the person of another.
A was sitting on a chair reading a book. His friend, B decided to play a practical joke on him. Accordingly, he pulled the chair from under him, as a result of which A landed on the floor.
(a) B’s act amounts to a battery
(b) B’s act amounts to an assault
(c) B’s act amounts to an assault till the time A lands on the floor
(d) B’s act amounts to neither because there was no intention

72. PRINCIPLE: False imprisonment is a total restraint of the liberty of a person, for however short a time, without lawful excuse. (Common for Q. Nos. 72 and 73)
A was driving down a road heading to her house. As she reached close to her house, she found that a few people led by B, protesting against an unfair law had blocked the road. There was no alternate road to her house and hence she was stuck there for around 5 minutes.
(a) B and his group are liable for having falsely imprisoned A
(b) B and his group are not liable for falsely imprisoning A, since they were exercising their right to protest.
(c) B and his group are not liable for falsely imprisoning A, since they did not totally restrain the liberty of A.
(d) B and his group are not liable for falsely imprisoning A, since 5 minutes is too short a time.

73. A was suspected of having committed the murder of B. C, a policeman who was investigating into B’s murder, saw A in a market. He went up to him, caught hold of his hand and prevented him from going anywhere.
(a) C is liable for having falsely imprisoned A, since to arrest a person, a policeman requires permission from a Magistrate
(b) C is not liable for having falsely imprisoned A, since for the offence of murder, a policeman need not take the permission of a Magistrate to arrest
(c) C is not liable for having falsely imprisoned A since the restraint was not total
(d) C is not liable for having falsely imprisoned A since he did not take him to a prison

74. PRINCIPLE: A libel is a publication of a false and defamatory statement tending to injure the reputation of another person without lawful justification or excuse. A slander is a false and defamatory statement by spoken words or gestures tending to injure the reputation of another.
A wrote a letter to B calling him a cheat. B’s clerk C opened the letter, as he normally did (a fact which was known to A and placed it on B’s table. B alleges that A has committed libel.
(a) B will succeed since A has published a defamatory statement against A
(b) B will not succeed because it was not written in a newspaper
(c) B will not succeed because everyone knew that A was a cheat
(d) B will not succeed since A did not follow up the letter with a speech

75. PRINCIPLE: A Master is liable for the acts of his Servant as long as he can control the working of his servant
A owned a taxi agency. She had hired B to drive one of her cars. On January 1, 2010, C called up A’s taxi agency and asked for a car to drop him from his house to his place of work. On the way, because of the driver’s negligence, the car hit a road divider and C was injured. He sued A for damages.
(a) A is not liable because A was not driving the car
(b) A is not liable because A was not in the car
(c) A is liable because B was employed by her and was in her control
(d) A is not liable because 8 was driving as per C’s instructions

76. PRINCIPLE: A Master is liable to third persons for every such wrong of his servant as committed in the course of service. For acts committed beyond the scope of employment, the master is liable only if he has expressly authorised the act (Common for Q. Nos. 76, 77 and 78)
A owned a bus and he had hired B to drive it and C to be the conductor. One day, when B had stepped out of the bus to have a cup of coffee, C decided to turn the bus around so that it was ready for its next trip. While doing so, C ran over D’s leg, causing major injuries to him. D sued A for damages.
(a) D will succeed since C was employed by A
(b) D will not succeed since A had not authorised C to drive the bus
(c) D will not succeed since the bus was not on an official trip
(d) D will succeed since turning the bus was in the course of employment

77. A owned a truck and he had hired B to drive it. On one of its trips, C flagged the truck down and asked to be dropped to nearby city. B agreed to do so for a small amount of money. The truck met with an accident en route, in which C was badly injured. C sued A for damages.
(a) A will be liable since B did the act in the course of his employment
(b) A will be liable since he had not instructed B not to pick up passengers
(c) A will not be liable since taking passengers in a truck had no connection with his business
(d) A will not be liable because B was an experienced driver

78. A handed over Rs. 5,000 to her neighbour B, who was an employee of a bank, and asked him to deposit the money in her account. Instead of doing so, B spent the money. A sues the bank for damages.
(a) The bank will be liable since B was its employee
(b) The bank will not be liable since B was not authorised to collect money from A
(c) The bank will not be liable since A gave money to B in his capacity as a neighbour and not as an employee of the bank
(d) The bank will not be liable since this is a criminal act

79. PRINCIPLE: When a criminal act is done by one person in furtherance of the common intention of himself and some other persons, each of such person is liable for the act in the same manner as if it were done by each one of them.
A, B and C decided to commit burglary. They broke into a locked house. However, before they had finished their work, a domestic servant appeared from the out-house and started shouting. A, B and C left the house and started running away. They were pursued by a small crowd. A, on being caught by X, one of the persons pursuing them, stabbed him and ran away. By the time B and C had disappeared. X died on account of the stab wounds. Later, the police arrested all the three. They were charged for attempted burglary and murder of X.
(a) Along with A, the person who stabbed X, B and C are also guilty of murder because A stabbed X in furtherance of common intention
(b) Along with A, B and C are also guilty of murder because A., at the time of stabbing X, was acting on behalf of B and C and he wanted to save not only himself but B and C as well
(c) A alone is guilty of murder because though there was common intention to commit the offence of burglary, there was no common intention to commit the offence of murder
(d) None of the above

80. PRINCIPLE: A person is liable for any damage which is the direct consequence of his/her unlawful act, as long as the consequence could have been foreseen by a reasonable person.
During a scuffle, A knocked B unconscious and then placed B at the foot of a hill at night, when the temperature was around one degree centigrade. B suffered from hypothermia and had to be hospitalised for a week. B sues A.
(a) B will be liable for the act, since the consequence was a direct and foreseeable consequence of his act
(b) B will not be liable because he had no intention of causing hypothermia
(c) B will not be liable because he did not know that A would suffer from hypothermia
(d) B will be liable since A was hospitalized

81. PRINCIPLE: The owner of a land is entitled to the column of air space above the surface ad infinitum. But, the right is restricted to such height as is necessary for the ordinary use and employment of his land, and the structure on it.
A had constructed a single-storeyed house on a comer site. He had no intention of building an additional floor. B his neighbour, who ran an internet parlour got a hoarding made, which protruded over A’s house at a height of around 6 feet above the terrace. A sues B for trespass.
(a) A will succeed since B’s act amounts to trespass
(b) A will not succeed since he was anyway not planning to build an additional storey
(c) A will not succeed since the hoarding is not obstructing him
(d) A will not succeed since B has a right to erect a hoarding

82. PRINCIPLE: Trespass to land is the wrongful and unwarranted entry upon the land of another.
A purchased a ticket to watch a movie in a theatre. After the show got over, A refused to leave the theatre. The owner of the theatre sues A for trespass
(a) He will not succeed since A had purchased a ticket
(b) He will not succeed since A has a right to remain wherever he wants to after the show gets over
(c) He will succeed since A’s authorisation to remain in the theatre ends with the show
(d) He will not succeed since A did not have the intention to trespass

83. PRINCIPLE: Negligence is the breach of a duty caused by an omission to do something which a reasonable person would do or an act which a prudent and reasonable person would not do. An action for negligence proceeds upon the principle that the person has an obligation or duty on the part of the defendant, which he/she breaches, leading to damage.
A, a surgeon operated on B. Subsequent to the operation, B complained of pain in his abdomen. On examination, it was discovered that A had left a mop in B’s stomach while operating.
(a) A will be liable for negligence, since there is a breach of the duty of care
(b) A will not be liable for negligence since it was an accident
(c) A will not be liable for negligence since no real damage was done
(d) A will not be liable for negligence since it is not a reasonable act

84. PRINCIPLE: A contract requires a proposal and an acceptance of the proposal. It is necessary to make a binding contract, not only that the proposal be accepted, but also that the acceptance is notified to the proposer. (Common for Q. Nos. 84, 85 and 86)
A sent a letter to B stating that he was willing to sell to B, 10 bags of rice at Rs. 20 each. B made a telephone call to A to inform him that he had accepted the offer. Just as he was stating his acceptance, a very noisy aircraft flew over B’s house. A was not able to hear the acceptance.
(a) There is no contract since the acceptance has not been notified to A
(b) There is no contract since the reply also has to be in writing
(c) This is a valid contract since B conveyed his acceptance to A. It does not matter if A heard it or not
(d) None of the above

85. A sent a letter to B stating that he was willing to sell to B, 10 bags of rice at Rs. 20 each. B wrote a letter to A accepting the offer and posted it.
(a) The contract is entered into the moment B posts the letter
(b) The contract is entered into only after A receives and reads the letter
(c) The contract is entered into only after A receives the letter, reads it and then gets back to B
(d) The contract is entered into the moment A makes the offer

86. A sent a letter to B stating that he was willing to sell to B, 10 bags of rice at Rs. 20 each. B sent an e-mail to the address mentioned in the letter-head, accepting the offer.
(a) The contract is entered into the moment the mail reaches A’s server
(b) The contract is entered into only after A sees the e-mail
(c) The contract is entered into when A sent the letter
(d) The contract is entered into the moment B receives an automated delivery receipt

87. PRINCIPLE: An agreement becomes a contract when it is entered into between two or more people with each other’s free consent. Two or more people are said to consent when they agree to the same thing in the same sense. Consent is said to be free when it is not caused by coercion, undue influence, fraud, misrepresentation or mistake.
A went to a doctor to get himself treated. The doctor asked him to sign a “consent form” and said that unless he signs it, he will not examine him. A signed the form waiving his right to sue the doctor.
(a) This is a valid contract since A understood and consented to the terms
(b) This is not a valid contract since A had not other option, but to sign
(c) This is a valid contract since it is a doctor-patient relationship
(d) None of the above

88. PRINCIPLE: Where both parties to an agreement are under a mistake as to matter of fact essential to the agreement, the agreement is void.
A had a piece of land. He believed that the value of the land was Rs. 1,000 per square foot. B knew that the value of the land was in fact Rs. 1,500 per square foot. However, he did not inform A and purchased the land at Rs. 1,000.
(a) The contract is valid since A should have been more careful
(b) The contract is valid since B paid for the land
(c) The contract is void since A was mistaken about the cost of the land
(d) The contract is valid since the land has already been purchased

89. PRINCIPLE: The object of an agreement is lawful unless it is forbidden by law; is of such a nature that, if permitted, it would defeat the provisions of any law; is fraudulent; involves or implies injury to the person or property of another person; the court regards it as immoral; it is opposed to public policy. (Common for Q. Nos. 89, 90, 91 and 92)
A and B entered into a contract, whereby A agreed to get married to B, if her parents paid A Rs. 1,00,000 before the wedding. B’s parents failed to pay the promised amount. A sues B and her parents.
(a) A will succeed because all the requirements of a contract are met
(b) A will succeed since the payment of the amount was the condition precedent for the wedding
(c) A will not succeed since the contract is void, its object being against the law
(d) A will not succeed since B was not a party to the contract

90. A was arrested by the police for committing an offence and was subsequently granted bail by the Court. One of the conditions imposed by the Court for granting bail was that A arrange for a surety for Rs. 50,000. A approached
B to be a surety. B agreed, but insisted that they enter into a contract whereby A would deposit Rs. 50,000 into B’s account, which would be returned to A by B after the case was over.
(a) The contract would be void since its effect is to defeat the provisions of the Cr.P.C.
(b) The contract would be void because A cannot enter into a contract when a criminal case is going on against him
(c) The contract would be void because the Court is not a party to it
(d) The contract would be valid

91. A and B, a Hindu couple were married to each other. Owing to differences between them, they decided to get divorced. They entered into a contract laying down the conditions that both parties had to adhere with. One of the terms of the contract was that their children would not be entitled to claim the ancestral property of A, the husband.
(a) The contract will be void since the children are not a party to the contract
(b) The contract will be void since its terms since it is opposed to the personal laws of the parties
(c) The contract will be valid
(d) The contract will be void since .a woman cannot enter into a contract with her husband

92. The BCCI decided to hold an auction to sell IPL teams. 12 bidders registered for the auction. Unknown to the BCCI, these 12 bidders had entered into a contract that they would not bid more than a certain amount.
(a) The contract will be void because BCCI is not a party to it
(b) The contract will be void since the object of the contract is to cause a loss to the BCCI
(c) The contract will be void since the maximum number of parties to a contract as per Indian law is 10
(d) The contract will be valid

93. PRINCIPLE: Every agreement by which anyone is restrained from exercising a lawful profession, trade or business of any kind, to that extent is void.
A company entered into a contract with Coca Cola Ltd. to bottle soft drinks produced by Coca Cola. One of the terms of the contract was that the company would not bottle soft drinks for any other competitor of Coca Cola during the pendency of the contract.
(a) The contract is void since it restrains the lawful right of the company to engage in business
(b) The contract is void because there is no consideration being paid
(c) The contract is valid
(d) The contract is void since the competitor is not a party to the contract

94. PRINCIPLE: An agreement is void to the extent that it restricts absolutely, a party from enforcing his contractual rights by usual proceedings in any ordinary court. A and B entered into a transaction in Delhi for sale of goods based in Delhi. The contract stated that in case of a dispute, only civil courts in Chennai would have jurisdiction. Neither A, nor B resided or carried on business in Chennai.
(a) The contract is valid since it is still an Indian court that has jurisdiction
(b) The contract is void since it ousts the jurisdiction of the competent court
(c) The contract is void since the consent of the court is required before entering into such a contract
(d) The contract is valid since Chennai courts have expertise with respect to contractual matters

95. PRINCIPLE: An agreement, the meaning of which is not certain, or capable of being made certain, is void.
A and B, who were brothers, entered into an agreement which stated that A would sell his entire share of the ancestral property to B. The agreement did not mention the specific details (like survey number) of the property.
(a) The contract will be void since it is vague
(b) The contract will be void because it is not possible to ascertain the property which is being referred to
(c) The contract will be void since it is illegal
(d) The contract is valid since there is clarity about the property sought to be sold

96. PRINCIPLE: Whoever intending to take dishonestly (with an intention to cause wrongful loss to another or wrongful gain to himself) any movable property without that person’s consent, moves that property in order to such taking, is said to commit theft.
(Common for Q. Nos. 96 and 97)
A had lent his watch to B for a period of a month. Two days after he had done so, he walked into B’s office to find the watch on B’s table. He decided to take the watch back. A was prosecuted for theft.
(a) A is not guilty of the offence since he owned the watch
(b) A is not guilty of the offence since he was not doing the act dishonestly
(c) A is guilty of the offence since he caused wrongful loss to B
(d) A is not guilty of the offence since he had lent the watch to B only for a short period of time

97. A handed over his watch to B for safekeeping. B sells the watch to C, which he was not authorised to do. B is prosecuted for theft.
(a) B is guilty of theft because he gained from the act
(b) B is not guilty of theft because he was in possession of the watch
(c) B is not guilty of theft because A had given him the watch
(d) B is guilty of theft because caused wrongful loss to A

98. PRINCIPLE: Whoever intentionally puts any person in fear of any injury to that person, or to any other, and thereby dishonestly induces that person so put in fear to deliver to any person any property, commits extortion.
A entered B’s house, caught hold of B’s daughter C and threatened to stab her if A did not give him Rs. 10,000 immediately. B did so. A is prosecuted for extortion.
(a) A has committed theft, not extortion
(b) A has committed extortion
(c) A has committed both theft and extortion
(d) A has not committed any offence

99. PRINCIPLE: Theft is robbery if in order to committing of the theft, or in committing the theft, or in carrying away or attempting to carry away property obtained by theft, the offender, for that end, voluntarily causes or attempts to cause to any person death or hurt or fear of instant death or instant hurt. (Common for Q. Nos. 99 and 100)
A entered B’s house to take away her TV. When he was carrying the TV out of the house, he encountered B near the door. He left the TV behind and ran away.
(a) A has committed theft
(b) A has committed robbery
(c) A has committed both theft and robbery
(d) A has neither committed theft nor robbery

100. A entered B’s house and was taking away her wallet and leaving the house, when he encountered B. He dropped the wallet, but shot her while escaping.
(a) A has committed robbery
(b) A has committed theft, but not robber)’
(c) A has neither committed theft, nor robbery
(d) A has committed both theft and robbery

101. PRINCIPLE: Whoever with the intent to cause, or knowing that he is likely to cause wrongful loss or damage to the public or to any person, causes the destruction of property, or any such change in any property or in the situation thereof as destroys or diminishes its value or utility, or affects it injuriously, commits mischief.
(Common for Q. Nos. 101 and 102)
A went to B’s house for dinner. He saw that B had a statue made of ice, which was kept in a freezer, A removed the statue from the freezer for a few minutes, which led to the hand of the statue changing shape.
(a) A has not committed mischief, since he did not have the intention to change the shape of the hand of the statue.
(b) A has committed mischief because he should have known that his act was likely to damage the statue
(c) A has not committed mischief because the statue did not get destroyed
(d) A did not commit mischief because the value of the statue has not diminished

102. A lent his laptop to B. When in possession of the laptop, B inserted a pen drive into the laptop. When he did a virus scan, he realised that the pen drive was infected. Since he urgently required a file that was on the laptop, he nevertheless opened the files on the pen drive, in the process infecting the laptop.
(a) A has committed mischief because he has affected the laptop injuriously
(b) A has not committed mischief because he did not intend to do so.
(c) A has not committed mischief because the laptop continued working
(d) A has not committed mischief because the laptop was in his possession

103. PRINCIPLE: Whoever enters into or upon property in the possession of another with the intent to commit an offence or to intimidate, insult or annoy any person in possession of such property or having lawfully entered into or upon such property, unlawfully remains there with an intent to intimidate, insult or annoy any such person, or with the intent to commit an offence commits criminal trespass.
A went to Delhi Law College to participate in a competition. After participating in the competition, A hid inside the campus so that he could steal a few books from the library.
(a) A has committed theft
(b) A has committed criminal trespass
(c) A has not committed criminal trespass, because he entered with permission
(d) A has not committed any offence

104. PRINCIPLE: A second suit will not be heard on the same facts between the same parties. (Common for Q. Nos. 104 and 105)
Nakshatra files a suit against Chandra for getting possession of a house on the ground that the property passed on to her through the Will executed by Surya before his death. The suit gets dismissed as Nakshatra fails to produce the Will. Nakshatra files another suit against Chandra to get the same house from the latter, on the ground that she was entitled to the house as being the nearest heir of Surya.
(a) Nakshatra will succeed as she is the nearest heir of Surya
(b) Nakshatra will not succeed as the facts in both the cases are the same
(c) Nakshatra will succeed as the facts in the two cases deal with different situations
(d) Nakshtra will succeed as the grounds in the second case were not taken in the first one owing to the mistake of her advocate

105. Mr. Sampath went to a party alone in his wife Sunanda’s car. He usually used his wife’s car after office hours and his wife never objected to it. At the party, he got drunk. Instead of taking the risk of driving the car, he requested his friend Mr. Vivek to drive him back home in Sunanda’s car. Mr. Vivek was quite sober since he had moderately consumed alcohol. On the way, Vivek knocked down a boy and injured his leg. Subsequently, on behalf of the boy a claim for compensation was brought against Mrs. Sunanda since the car belonged to her and it was registered in her name. The insurance company refuses to pay compensation because the police report says that the person driving the car at the time of accident had consumed alcohol?
(a) Sunanda is liable to pay compensation, although she did not authorize Mr. Vivek to drive the car which caused the accident, yet it was registered in her name
(b) Sunanda is not liable to pay compensation because it is the liability of Mr. Sampath who had permission to drive the car and on the basis of this permission, he requested Mr. Vivek who was driving the car at the time of the accident
(c) Mr. Vivek is liable to compensate the boy fully because he was negligent in driving the car
(d) Sunanda, Sampath and Vivek are all jointly liable to compensate the boy

SECTION D : LOGICAL REASONING

106. If it is true that ‘men are seldom honest’, which of the following statement conveys the same meaning?
(a) At least one man is not honest
(b) Men are not honest
(c) At least on one occasion men are not honest
(d) Sometimes men are honest

107. If it is false that ‘men always obey the law, which one of the following statements is doubtful?
(a) Sometimes men do not obey the law
(b) All men obey the law
(c) Men never obey the law
(d) Some men obey the law

108. If it is false that ‘all men strive for the happiness of all’, which one of the following statements is true beyond doubt?
(a) All men seek their own happiness
(b) There are men who do not desire for the happiness of all
(c) No men strive for the happiness of all
(d) There are men who do not strive for the happiness of all

109. From among the given alternatives, identify the missing premiss.
1st Premiss : If a plane triangle is possible, then perfect straight line is possible
2nd Premiss : If perfect straight line is possible, then Euclid is right
3rd Premiss:
4th Premiss : But Riemann is right.
Conclusion : Therefore a plane triangle is not possible.
(a) If Riemann is right, then Euclid is right
(b) If Riemann is wrong, then Euclid is right
(c) If Euclid is right, then Riemann is wrong
(d) If Riemann is right, then Euclid is not wrong

110. From among the given alternatives, identify the conclusion of the following argument
If A is B, then C is not D.
If C is not D, then E is not F.
If E is not F, then G is not H.
Therefore
(a) If G is not H, then A is B
(b) If A is B, then G is not H
(c) If G is H, then A is B
(d) If A is not B, then G is H

111. From among the given alternatives, identify the conclusion of the following argument.
You cannot taste success in life unless you work hard.
You cannot be happy unless you taste success in life. Therefore
(a) You can be happy unless you work hard
(b) You cannot be happy unless you work hard
(c) You cannot work hard unless you are happy
(d) You can work hard unless you are happy

112. If the statement “All men desire their own welfare always” is true, then which of the following statements must be false?
(a) There are men who desire their own welfare sometimes
(b) Some men desire their own welfare always
(c) There are men who always desire their and others’ welfare
(d) It is not the case that all men desire their own welfare always

113. From among the alternatives identify the statement which states the same fact as the statement “The dual nature of light is an enigma’.
(a) The nature of light is an enigma
(b) Light has some enigmatic properties
(c) Two differing arguments regarding the nature of light are obviously wrong
(d) It is surprising and puzzling that according to one study, light is made up of one type of constituents and according to another, light is made up another type of constituents

114. Identify the statement which can be neither proved nor disproved.
(a) I have head-ache
(b) Yesterday, New York recorded 20° C at 12 noon
(c) The gang war that broke out last week was due to business rivalry
(d) History of Kannada literature states that Nripatunga is the earliest poet

115. Identify the statement which cannot be doubted.
(a) Sense experience provides true knowledge
(b) It is reasonable to accept science and most unreasonable to believe any religion
(c) I am alive
(d) Whenever there is unrest in society, the police will be alert

116. If it is true that ‘good governance ensures law and order’, then identify the statement which has to be accepted along with the given statement.
(a) A healthy society is governed by maximum number of laws
(b) A strong government uses force to enforce law
(c) An able government very effectively uses the law to promote peace and prosperity
(d) Law is indispensable for the society

117. Identify the statement which cannot be accepted.
(a) Mahabharatha is an ancient epic
(b) Many Indian languages have their origin in Sanskrit
(c) According to the heliocentric theory, the Earth is the centre of the solar system
(d) Indian Constitution has been amended many times

118. If it is true that ‘religious fundamentalism is dangerous to society, which one of the following statements is also true?
(a) Religion without reason is dangerous to the society
(b) Belief in religions is dangerous to the society
(c) Religious pluralism is dangerous to the society
(d) Disrespect for other religions is dangerous to the society

119. Identify the argument which has to be accepted when the premiss is accepted as true.
(a) A and B are subsets of C.
Therefore A and B must have at least one common element.
(b) Every man desires happiness. Therefore happiness is desirable.
(c) God is not perceivable.
Therefore God does not exist.
(d) Nothing comes out of nothing.
Therefore something must have existed always.

120. Identify the argument which cannot be accepted.
(a) All Indians are Asians.
All Asians are dark-coloured. Therefore All dark coloured are Indians.
(b) Amar is a friend of Basava.
Therefore Basava is a friend of Amar.
(c) All positive integers less than 100 have only 2 digits.
Therefore all positive integers with 2 digits are less than 100.
(d) All spinsters are unmarried women. Therefore all unmarried women are spinsters.

121. Till Nineties, clearly the policy of the government was guided by the philosophy of socialism. Under its influence, the government tried to exercise control in every field. But today we hear about disinvestment and privatization. Hence there is a clear shift from socialistic principles.
Which one of the following assertions, if true, contradicts the passage mentioned above?
(a) That government is the best government which governs least
(b) Only enterprise in a free society contributes to the real progress
(c) Notwithstanding the alleged merits of laissez-faire implicit in the passage, lack of effective control by the State results in the exploitation of many by a few
(d) The State is guilty of the dereliction of duty

122. Geographical division of the Earth resulting in the so-called sovereign
nations is artificial because it is man- made, just as division of society on the basis of religion, language, caste, etc., is artificial. While the so-called intellectuals raise hue and cry about the latter, they maintain divine silence about the former. Does it not amount to double standard?
Which of the following statements, if true, is the essence of the passage mentioned above?
(a) Geographical division of the Earth is of divine origin
(b) Only division of society on the basis of religion, language, etc., is man-made
(c) The consequences of geographical and sociological divisions are very different
(d) Patriotism is a barren concept

123. It is argued that prosperity depends upon production which means more production more consumption. However, it is not the case. Consumption should be need based. Just as intake of food in excess of digestion is pointless so also consumption of natural resources beyond requirement is pointless.
Which of the following statements, if true, contradicts the spirit of the passage?
(a) Prosperity without consumption is ideal
(b) Prosperity without consumption is shallow
(c) Prosperity is possible when natural resources are not abused
(d) To increase consumption we cannot have any alibi

124. It is true that agriculture is the backbone of nation’s economy. But it is fallacious to argue that only agriculture should receive overriding importance. Agriculture also depends upon other sectors like generation and distribution of power, irrigation, transportation, etc. If any one sector suffers, its fall-out is more than obvious.
Which of the following assertions, if true, is the summary of the given passage?
(a) Budget allocation for all fields must be equal
(b) If adequate budget allocation in any one fiscal year for every sector is not possible, then each year one sector can be provided with adequate funds
(c) Budget allocation for each sector should be need based, neither less nor more, i.e., it should be optimum
(d) Reversion to ancient method of farming is the only way out

125. Education is one field which is totally non-remunerative. Still worse, it is a liability. But then the government is not a money-making institution. The bottom- line of prosperity is primary education. Hence the government should raise resources elsewhere only to pour it on primary education. But primary education cannot be provided without higher education. So higher education stands on par with primary education.
Which of the following statements, if true, contradicts the passage above?
(a) Money should produce money which means that, that which does not generate money has no place
(b) Education should raise its own resources
(c) Education should be made as economical as possible
(d) If the government cannot spread education, private enterprise should step in

126. Four statements are given below. Group two of them in such a way that one is logically impossible and the other is empirically (factually) possible.
1. A plane equilateral triangle can also be a plane right angled triangle.
2. Velocity of light in vacuum is constant.
3. Consumption of fuel at this rate results in reversal to bullock-cart age.
4. A tall man is a man.

(a) A, B
(b) B, D
(c) C, D
(d) A, C

127. Four statements are given. Group two of them in such a way that one is logically possible and the other is empirically (factually) highly improbable.
1. No theories of science can explain the origin of the Universe satisfactorily
2. Solar energy is inexhaustible.
3. Liberalization and rise in consumerism are directly related.
4. God exists.
(a) A, B
(b) A, C
(c) B, D
(d) A, D

128. QUESTION MISSION

129. How do you evaluate the statement “Autobiography of Mr. M.K. Gandhi” is written by Mr. Mahadeva Desai?
(a) False
(b) True
(c) Probable
(d) Absurd

130. All faculties of understanding, which a human being enjoys, are necessarily limited in terms of performance. If so, which of the following alternatives is justified by the preceding statement?
(a) Human knowledge is necessarily imperfect
(b) Perfection one’s own knowledge is a distinct possibility, but man does not know how to employ his faculties
(c) When progress in knowledge is linear, one day or the other the ultimate truth will be discovered
(d) Human knowledge is not necessarily perfect

131. “The Universe has necessarily a beginning and an end’ and ‘the Universe has boundary’ together imply
(a) The universe is finite in space and time
(b) The universe is infinite in space and time
(c) The universe is infinite in space but not in time
(d) The universe is finite in space but not in time

132. Which of the following alternatives comes very close to the statement, ‘Man is necessarily an evil by nature’?
(a) As a matter of fact, man is an evil by nature
(b) Man is not an evil by nature, but circumstances tend to make him so
(c) Man cannot be an evil by nature
(d) Actually, man is not an evil

133. Which of the following alternatives is farthest from the statement, ‘Sound waves cannot travel in vacuum’?
(a) Sound waves require some medium to travel
(b) Sound waves may travel in vacuum very slowly
(c) Sound waves can travel only in vacuum
(d) Sound waves may not travel in vacuum

134. Which of the following alternatives contradict the statement ‘deterministic laws of physics are characteristically Newtonian’.
(a) Indeterminism and physics cannot go together
(b) Indeterminism is inherent in Newtonian system
(c) Determinism in physics is a flaw
(d) Determinism in physics is only apparent

135. Identify the alternative which best explains the relation between the arguments mentioned below:
Arguments:
1. It is highly probable that every student of law at University level would have done a course on principles of ethics and Rama being a student of law, in all probability, would have done a course on principles of ethics.
2. At University level, every faculty aims at super speciality for which emphasis is laid upon structuring the curricula in such a way that every faculty is treated as a closed system so that no inter-disciplinary study is acceptable. Principles of ethics being essentially an integral part of philosophy, most probably is out of any course on law.
(a) Two arguments are mutually independent
(b) Two arguments are mutually supportive
(c) Two arguments are supplementary
(d) They are incompatible

136. ‘Greater than’ is said to be transitive (relation) since A is greater than B and B is greater than C imply A is greater than C. Similarly ‘friend of is said to be symmetric since if A is a friend of B, then B is a friend of A. If so, what kind of relation is ‘analogous’?
(a) Transitive
(b) Symmetric
(c) Identical
(d) Transitive and Symmetric

137. Since an object is identical with itself ‘being identical’ is called a reflexive relation and if a relation is transitive, symmetric and reflexive, then such a relation is called ‘equivalence’. If so, what kind of relation is ‘different’?
(a) Equivalence
(b) Inequivalence
(c) Asymmetric
(d) Non-transitive

138. Which of the following having the same form contradicts the statement ‘guilty should be punished’?
(a) Guilty will not be punished
(b) Guilty may not be punished
(c) Guilty are not punished
(d) Guilty should not be punished

139. If it is true that ‘no innocent persons should be punished’ and ‘Socrates is innocent’, which of the following is the correct conclusion?
(a) Socrates is not punished
(b) Socrates may not be punished
(c) Socrates should not be punished
(d) Socrates will not be punished

140. Identify the alternative which gives true picture of the relation between the arguments listed below:
1. A healthy society is characterised by overall development of every section. As in the case of human body no organ is less prominent so also in a society no section is less important. If any human organ is sick, then the human being is sick. Similarly, if any section of society is sick, then the society is sick.
2. It is fallacious to think that priority to production of agricultural products alone promotes the prosperity of farmers. Prosperity has too many discussions. Transportation, communication, network, sound economic policy, to mention a few are equally important to the economic wellbeing of farmers. Hence they also deserve consideration.
(a) These two are irrelevant
(b) They are interdependent
(c) They are analogous
(d) They are compatible

SECTION E : MATHEMATICS

141. Which one of the following is same as 30% of 40% of 560?
(a) 60% of 40% of 280
(b) 15% of 80% of 280
(c) 30% of 40% of 280
(d) 15% of 80% of 140

142. If x/y= 4/5, then value of (4/7 + 2y-x/ 2y+x) is
(a) 3/7
(b) 2
(c) 1
(d) 8/7

143. The average height of 10 students in a class is 105 cms. If 20 more students with an average height of 120 cms join them, what will be the average height?
(a) 105 cms
(b) 110 cms
(c) 112 cms
(d) 115 cms

144. Anil is half his father’s age now, Fifteen years ago, he was one-third of his father’s age.
How old will Anil be after five years?
(a) 45 years
(b) 40 years
(c) 35 years
(d) 30 years

145. 10 men can finish the construction of a hut in 8 days. How many men are needed to finish the same in half a day?
(a) 80
(b) 100
(c) 120
(d) 160

146. India’s Republic Day in 1996 fell on Friday. Which week day it will be celebrated in the year 2000?
(a) Tuesday
(b) Wednesday
(c) Thursday
(d) Friday

147. An express train travels at an average speed of 120 km per hour, stopping for 4 minutes after every 80 kms. How long will it take the train to reach a destination 960 km away?
(a) 8 hrs 40 mts
(b) 8 hrs 44 mts
(c) 8 hrs 48 mts
(d) 8 hrs 56 mts

148. In a family, the father took one-fourth of the cake and he had three times more than the others had. The total number of family members is:
(a) 3
(b) 7
(c) 10
(d) 12

149. A dock gains 5 minutes every hour. Then the angle traversed by the seconds hand in one minute will be
(a) 390°
(b) 380°
(c) 360.5°
(d) 360°

150. A right circular cone and a right cylinder have the same radius and the same volume. The ratio of the height of the cone to that of the cylinder is
(a) 5:3
(b) 5:2
(c) 1:3
(d) 3 : 1